RESUMO Com o agravamento dos problemas ambientas causados pela má gestão de resíduos sólidos, os polímeros biodegradáveis surgem como alternativas de materiais sustentáveis que podem de minimizar o impacto ambiental. Diante da demanda urgente por produtos sustentáveis, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver filmes a base poli (ácido láctico) (PLA) e a proteína isolada de soja (SPI) via extrusão plana para estudo como potencial aplicação em embalagens para alimentos. Os filmes foram produzidos em cinco diferentes formulações: a matriz pura de PLA como filme controle; PLA com 3 e 5% da proteína isolada de soja, PLA com 3 e 5% da proteína isolada de soja com o acréscimo de 1,5% de glicerol, e analisados via termogravimetria, espectroscopia de infravermelho, transmitância por UV-vis e ângulo de contato. O resultados indicaram que a inserção dos componentes à matriz de PLA levou a redução da estabilidade térmica dos filmes, que também não apresentaram interação química entre os seus componentes. As partículas de soja, melhor dispersas na matriz em função da presença do plastificantes, auxiliaram na redução da transmitância dos filmes, e na formação de sistemas hidrofílicos.

ABSTRACT With the worsening of environmental problems caused by poor solid waste management, biodegradable polymers emerge as alternatives for sustainable materials that can minimize environmental impact. In view of the urgent demand for sustainable products, this study aimed to develop films based on poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and isolated soy protein (SPI) via flat extrusion for study as a potential application in food packaging. The films were produced in five different formulations: the pure PLA matrix as a control film; PLA with 3 and 5% of the isolated soy protein, PLA with 3 and 5% of the isolated soy protein with the addition of 1.5% glycerol, and analyzed via thermogravimetry, infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis transmittance and angle contact. The results indicated that the insertion of the components in the PLA matrix led to a reduction in the thermal stability of the films, which also did not show chemical interaction between their components. The soy particles, better dispersed in the matrix due to the presence of plasticizers, helped in reducing the transmittance of the films, and in the formation of hydrophilic systems.

Polymeric syntactic foams are composites made from the mixture of Hollow Glass Microspheres (HGM) and polymer matrices. One of their main characteristics is their low density and the production of these composites using a matrix derived from renewable sources potentiates their development without neglecting sustainability. In this paper , the properties of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)/HGM syntactic foams containing 1% and 5% w/w HGM and 5% w/w of a compatibilizer are assessed. The composites were prepared by two processing routes: single screw extruder and twin screw extruder. The morphology and mechanical properties (tensile and impact) of the syntactic foams thus manufactured were ascertained. Morphological analysis indicated that matrix/filler adhesion was poor for all samples and that the best HGM dispersions were obtained in twin screw extruded samples. Mechanical properties were affected by the processing route adopted and by the content of hollow glass microspheres added. Elastic modulus, tensile strength and strain were reduced by 20, 10 and 23%, respectively, in systems processed in a twin screw extruder. Impact strength was the exception, with an increase of more than 300%. Higher contents of hollow glass microspheres led to reductions in mechanical strength of the syntactic foams, varying from 5% for the elastic modulus to 50% for strain.